Miller Anestesia

66 / 2894

66 Fisiología y anestesia I
73. Burnstock G: Local mechanisms of blood flow
control by perivascular nerves and endothelium.
J Hypertens Suppl 8:S95, 1990.
74. Ralevic V, Burnstock G: Receptors for purines and
pyrimidines. Pharmacol Rev 50:413, 1998.
75. Jacobson KA, Trivedi BK, Churchill PC, et al: Novel
therapeutics acting via purine receptors. Biochem
Pharmacol 41:1399, 1991.
76. Burnstock G: Overview: Purinergic mechanisms.
Ann N Y Acad Sci 603:1, 1990.
77. Goncalves J, Guimaraes S: Influence of neuronal
uptake on pre- and postjunctional effects of a-adre-
noceptor agonists in tissues with noradrenaline:
ATP cotransmission. Nauryn Schmiedebergs Arch
Pharmacol 344:532, 1991.
78. Hirst G, Bramich N, Edwards F, et al: Transmission
at autonomic neuroeffector junctions. Trends Neu-
rosci 15:40, 1992.
79. Walker P, Grouzmann E, Burnie M, et al: The role of
neuropeptide Y in cardiovascular regulation. Trends
Pharmacol Sci 12:111, 1991.
80. Lincoln J, Burnstock G: Neural-endothelial interac-
tions in control of local blood flow. In Warren J (ed):
The Endothelium: An Introduction to Current
Research. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1990, p 21.
81. Lundberg JM, Rudehill A, Sollevi A, et al: Fre-
quency- and reserpine-dependent chemical coding
of sympathetic transmission: Differential release of
noradrenaline and neuropeptide Y from pig spleen.
Neurosci Lett 63:96, 1986.
82. Bloom S, Edwards A: Vasoactive intestinal polypep-
tide in relation to atropine resistant vasodilatation
in the submaxillary gland of the cat. J Physiol
300:41, 1980.
83. Lundberg JM: Evidence for coexistence of vasoac-
tive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and acetylcholine
in neurons of cat exocrine glands: Morphological,
biochemical and functional studies. Acta Physiol
Scand Suppl 112:1, 1981.
84. Mione M, Cavanagh J, Lincoln J, et al: Pregnancy
reduces noradrenaline but not neuropeptide levels
in the uterine artery of the guinea-pig. Cell Tissue
Res 259:503, 1990.
85. Glusman S: Electrophysiology of ganglionic trans-
mission in the sympathetic nervous system. Int
Anesthesiol Clin 27:273, 1989.
86. Paradis NA, Martin GB, Rivers EP, et al: Coronary
perfusion pressure and the return of spontaneous
circulation in human cardiopulmonary resuscita-
tion. JAMA 263:1106, 1990.
87. Management of cardiac arrest.Circulation 112:IV58,
2005.
88. Pediatric advanced life support. Circulation
112:IV167, 2005.
89. Goetting M, Paradis N: High-dose epinephrine
improves outcome from pediatric cardiac arrest.
Ann Emerg Med 20:22, 1991.
90. Berry F: Clinical pharmacology of inhalational
anesthetic, muscle relaxants, vasoactive agents, and
narcotics, and techniques of general anesthesia. In
Berry F (ed): Anesthetic Management of Difficult
and Routine Pediatric Patients, 2nd ed. New York,
Churchill Livingstone, 1990, p 64.
91. Waisman Y, Klein BL, Boenning DA, et al: Prospec-
tive randomized double-blind study comparing
l-epinephrine and racemic epinephrine aerosols in
the treatment of laryngotracheitis (croup). Pedia-
trics 89:302, 1992.
92. Nutman J, Brooks LJ, Deakins KM, et al: Racemic
versus l-epinephrine aerosol in the treatment of
postextubation laryngeal edema: Results from a
prospective, randomized double-blind study. Crit
Care Med 22:1591, 1994.
93. Bochner BS, Lichtenstein L: Anaphylaxis. N Engl J
Med 324:1785, 1991.
94. Donlon J, Moss J: Plasma catecholamine levels
during local anesthesia for cataract operations.
Anesthesiology 51:471, 1979.
95. Houben H, Thien T, van’t Laar A: Effect of low-dose
epinephrine on hemodynamics after selective and
nonselective beta-blockade in hypertension. Clin
Pharmacol Ther 31:685, 1982.
96. Johnston R, Eger E, Wilson C: A comparative inte-
raction of epinephrine with enflurane, isoflurane,
and halothane in man. Anesth Analg 55:709, 1976.
97. O’Neill MJ Jr, Pennock JL, Seaton JF, et al: Regional
endogenous plasma catecholamine concentrations
in pulmonary hypertension. Surgery 84:140, 1978.
98. Schafer G, Fink M, Parillo J: Norepinephrine alone
versus norepinephrine plus low dose dopamine:
Enhanced renal blood flow with combination pres-
sor therapy. Crit Care Med 13:492, 1985.
99. Goldberg L: Dopamine: Clinical uses of an endoge-
nous catecholamine. N Engl J Med 291:707, 1974.
100. Goldberg LI,HsiehY-Y,Resnekov L: Newer catecho-
lamines for treatment of heart failure and shock: An
update on dopamine and a first look at dobutamine.
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 19:327, 1977.
101. Maskin C, Oken S, Chadwick B, et al: Comparative
systemic and renal effects of dopamine and angio-
tensin-converting enzyme inhibitor with enalapril
in patients with heart failure. Circulation 72:846,
1985.
102. Holmes CL, Walley KR: Bad medicine: Low-dose
dopamine in the ICU. Chest 123:1266, 2003.
103. Jones D, Bellomo R: Renal-dose dopamine: From
hypothesis to paradigm to dogma to myth and
finally, superstition? J Int Care Med 20:199, 2005.
104. Brown RA, Dixon J, Farmer JB, et al: Dopexamine:
A novel agonist at peripheral dopamine receptors
and b2-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol 85:599,
1985.
105. Foulds RA: Clinical development of dopexamine
hydrochloride (Dopacard) and an overview of its
hemodynamic effects. Am J Cardiol 62:41C, 1988.
106. Smith GW, O’Connor SE: An introduction to the
pharmacologic properties of Dopacard (dopexa-
mine hydrochloride). Am J Cardiol 62:9C, 1988.
107. Fitton A, Benfield P: Dopexamine hydrochloride: A
review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokine-
tic properties and therapeutic potential in acute
cardiac insuffiency. Drugs 39:308, 1990.
108. Smith GW, Hall JC, Farmer JB, et al: The cardiovas-
cular actions of dopexamine hydrochloride, an
agonist at dopamine receptors andb2 adrenoceptors
in the dog. J Pharm Pharmacol 39:636, 1987.
109. Mitchell PD, Smith GW, Wells E, et al: Inhibition of
uptake 1 by dopexamine hydrochloride in vitro. Br
J Pharmacol 92:265, 1987.
110. Lokhandwala MF: Renal actions of dopexamine
hydrochloride. Clin Intensive Care 1:163, 1990.
111. Vyas SJ, Lokhandwala MF: Role of tubular dopa-
mine-1 receptors in the natriuretic and diuretic
response to dopexamine. Pharmacologist 31:378,
1989.
112. Bass AS: Contrasting effects of dopexamine hydro-
chloride on electrolyte excretion in canine kidneys.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 253:798, 1990.
113. Chintala MS, Lokhandwala MF, Jandhyala BS: Pro-
tective effects of dopexamine hydrochloride in renal
failure after acute hemorrhage in anesthetized dogs.
J Auton Pharmacol 10(Suppl):S95, 1990.
114. Leier CV, Binkley PF, Carpenter J, et al: Cardiovas-
cular pharmacology of dopexamine in low output
congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol 62:94, 1988.
115. Baumann G, Felix SB, Filcek SAL: Usefulness of
dopexamine hydrochloride versus dobutamine in
chronic congestive heart failure and the effects on
hemodynamics and urine output. Am J Cardiol
65:748, 1990.
116. Colardyn FC, Vandenbogaerde FE: Use of dopexa-
mine hydrochloride in intensive care patients with
low-output left ventricular heart failure. Am J
Cardiol 62:68C, 1988.
117. Friedel N, Wenzel R, Matheis G, et al: Haemodyna-
mic effects of different doses of dopexamine hydro-
chloride in low cardiac output states following
cardiac surgery. Eur Heart J 13:1271, 1992.
118. Bredle DL, Cain SM: Systemic and muscle oxygen
uptake delivery after dopexamine infusion in endo-
toxic dogs. Crit Care Med 19:198, 1991.
119. Cain SM, Curtis SE: Systemic and regional oxygen
uptake and delivery and lactate flux in endotoxic
dogs infused with dopexamine. Crit Care Med
19:1552, 1991.
120. Colardyn FC, Vandenbogaerde JF, Vogelaers DP,
et al: Use of dopexamine hydrochloride in patients
with septic shock. Crit Care Med 17:999, 1989.
121. Preiser JC, Arminstead C, Le Minh T, et al: Increase
in oxygen supply during experimental septic shock:
The effects of dobutamine versus dopexamine. J Crit
Care 4:40, 1989.
122. Webb AR, Moss RF, Tighe D, et al: The effects of
dobutamine, dopexamine and fluid on hepatic his-
tological response to porcine faecal peritonitis.
Intensive Care Med 17:487, 1991.
123. Hakim M, Foulds R, Latimer RD, et al: Dopexamine
hydrochloride, a b2 -adrenergic and dopaminergic
agonist: Haemodynamic effects following cardiac
surgery. Eur Heart J 9:853, 1988.
124. Macgregor DA, Butterworth JF IV, Zaloga GP, et al:
Hemodynamic and renal effects of dopexamine and
dobutamine in patients with reduced cardiac output
following coronary artery bypass grafting. Chest
106:835, 1994.
125. Smithies M, Yee TH, Jackson L, et al: Protecting the
gut and the liver in the critically ill: Effects of
dopexamine. Crit Care Med 22:789, 1994.
126. Lund N,de Asla RJ,Papadakos PJ,et al: Dopexamine
hydrochloride in septicemia: Effects on gut, liver
and muscle oxygenation [abstract]. Crit Care Med
20(Suppl 4):46, 1992.
127. Trinder TJ, Lavery GG, Fee JPH, et al: Correction of
splanchnic oxygen deficit in the intensive care unit:
Dopexamine and colloid versus placebo. Anaesth
Intensive Care 23:178, 1995.
128. Kuhly P, Oschmann G, Specht M, et al: Dopexamine
hydrochloride does not improve gastric and sigmoid
mucosal acidosis in patients with sepsis [abstract].
Br J Anesth 74(Suppl 1):121, 1995.
129. Schmidt H, Secchi A, Wellmann R, et al: Dopexa-
mine maintains intestinal villus blood flow during
endotoxemia in rats. Crit Care Med 24:1233, 1996.
130. Maynard N, Bihari D, Dalton RN, et al: Increasing
splanchnic blood flow in the critically ill. Chest
108:1648, 1995.
131. Jackson NC, Taylor SH, Frais MA: Hemodynamic
comparison of dopexamine hydrochloride and
dopamine in ischemic left ventricular dysfunction.
Am J Cardiol 62:73, 1988.
132. Tan LB, Littler WA, Murray RG: Comparison of the
haemodynamic effects of dopexamine and dobuta-
mine in patients with severe congestive heart failure.
Int J Cardiol 30:203, 1991.
133. Young JB, Leon CA: Fenoldopam. In Messerli FH
(ed): Cardiovascular Drug Therapy. Philadelphia,
WB Saunders, 1990.
134. Lokhandwala MF: Pre-clinical and clinical studies on
the cardiovascular and renal effects of fenoldopam:A
DA-1 receptor agonist. Drug Dev Res 10:123, 1987.
135. Goldberg LI: Dopamine and new dopamine analogs:
Receptors and clinical applications. J Clin Anesth
1:66, 1988.
136. Aronson S, Goldberg L, Roth S, et al: Preservation
of renal blood flow during hypotension induced