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406. Sá Rêgo MM, Inagaki Y, White PF: Remifentanil

administration during monitored anesthesia care:

Are intermittent boluses an effective alternative to

a continuous infusion? Anesth Analg 85:518, 1999.

407. Moerman AT, Struys MM, Vereecke HE, et al: Remi-

fentanil used to supplement propofol does not

improve quality of sedation during spontaneous

respiration. J Clin Anesth 16:237-243, 2004.

408. Smith I, Avramov MN, White PF: A comparison of

propofol and remifentanil during monitored anes-

thesia care. J Clin Anesth 9:148, 1997.

409. Higgins MS, Givogre JL, Marco AP, et al: Recovery

from outpatient laparoscopic tubal ligation is not

improved by preoperative administration of ketoro-

lac or ibuprofen. Anesth Analg 79:274, 1994.

410. Jin F, Chung F: Multimodal analgesia for postope-

rative pain control. J Clin Anesth 13:524, 2001.

411. White PF, Vasconez LO, Mathes SA, et al: Compari-

son of midazolam and diazepam for sedation

during plastic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 81:703,

1988.

412. White PF: Use of ketamine for sedation and analge-

sia during injection of local anesthetics. Ann Plast

Surg 15:53, 1985.

413. Blakeley KR, Klein KW, White PF, et al: A total intra-

venous anesthetic technique for outpatient facial

laser resurfacing. Anesth Analg 87:827, 1998.

414. Badrinath S, Avramov MN, Shadrick M, et al: The

use of a ketamine-propofol combination during

monitored anesthesia care. Anesth Analg 90:858,

2000.

415. Mortero RF, Clark LD, Tolan MM, et al: The effects

of small-dose ketamine on propofol sedation: Res-

piration, postoperative mood, perception, cogni-

tion, and pain. Anesth Analg 92:1465, 2001.

416. Kumar A, Bose S, Bhattacharya A, et al: Oral cloni-

dine premedication for elderly patients undergoing

intraocularsurgery.ActaAnaesthesiolScand36:159,

1992.

417. Jaakola ML: Dexmedetomidine premedication

before intravenous regional anesthesia in minor

outpatient hand surgery. J Clin Anesth 6:204, 1994.

418. Aho M, Erkola O, Kallio A, et al: Comparison of

dexmedetomidine and midazolam sedation and

antagonism of dexmedetomidine with atipamezole.

J Clin Anesth 5:194, 1993.

419. Aho MS, Erkola OA, Scheinin H, et al: Effect of

intravenously administered dexmedetomidine on

pain after laparoscopic tubal ligation. Anesth Analg

73:112, 1991.

420. Kalkman CJ, Drummond JC: Monitors of depth of

anesthesia: Quo vadis? Anesthesiology 96:784, 2002.

421. Gan TJ, Glass PS, Windsor A, et al: Bispectral index

monitoring allows faster emergence and improved

recovery from propofol, alfentanil, and nitrous

oxide anesthesia. Anesthesiology 87:808, 1997.

422. Song D, Joshi GP, White PF: Titration of volatile

anesthetics using bispectral index facilitates reco-

very after ambulatory anesthesia. Anesthesiology

87:842, 1997.

423. Assareh H, Anderson RE, Uusijarvi J, Jakobsson J:

Sevoflurane requirements during ambulatory

surgery: A clinical study with and without AEP-index

guidance. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 46:495, 2002.

424. White PF, Ma H, Tang J, et al: Does the use of elec-

troencephalographic bispectral index or auditory

evoked potential index monitoring facilitate reco-

very after desflurane anesthesia in the ambulatory

setting? Anesthesiology 100:811-817, 2004.

425. Messieha ZS, Ananda RC, Hoffman WE, et al: Bis-

pectral Index System (BIS) monitoring reduces time

to discharge in children requiring intramuscular

sedation and general anesthesia for outpatient dental

rehabilitation. Pediatr Dent 26:256-260, 2004.

426. Liu SS: Effects of Bispectral Index monitoring on

ambulatory anesthesia: A meta-analysis of rando-

mized controlled trials and a cost analysis. Anesthe-

siology 101:311-315, 2004.

427. Drover DR, Lemmens HJ, Pierce ET, et al: Patient

state index: Titration of delivery and recovery from

propofol, alfentanil, and nitrous oxide anesthesia.

Anesthesiology 97:82, 2002.

428. Recart A, White PF, Wang A, et al: Effect of AEP-

index monitoring on anesthetic drug requirements

and recovery profile after laparoscopic surgery: A

clinical utility study. Anesthesiology 99:813, 2003.

429. Maattanen H, Anderson R, Uusijarvi J, Jakobsson J:

Auditory evoked potential monitoring with the

AAI™-index during spinal surgery: Decreased des-

flurane consumption. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand

46:882, 2002.

430. Anderson RE, Jakobsson JG: Cerebral state index

response to incision: A clinical study in day-surgical

patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 50:749-753,

2006.

431. Recart A, Gasanova I, White PF, et al: Effect of cere-

bral monitoring on recovery after general anesthe-

sia: Comparison of the auditory evoked potential

and bispectral devices with standard clinical prac-

tice. Anesth Analg 97:1667, 2003.

432. Seitsonen ER, Yli-Hankala AM, Korttila KT: Similar

recovery from bispectral index-titrated isoflurane

and sevoflurane anesthesia after outpatient gyneco-

logical surgery. J Clin Anesth 18:272-279, 2006.

433. Monk TG, Mueller M, White PF: Treatment of stress

response during balanced anesthesia: Comparative

effects of isoflurane, alfentanil, and trimethaphan.

Anesthesiology 76:39, 1992.

434. Monk TG, Ding Y, White PF: Total intravenous

anesthesia: Effects of opioid vs hypnotic supple-

mentation on autonomic responses and recovery.

Anesth Analg 75:789, 1992.

435. Monk TG, Weldon BC, Garvan CW, et al: Predictors

of cognitive dysfunction after major noncardiac

surgery. Anesthesiology 108:18-30, 2008.

436. Wennervirta J, Ranta SO, Hynynen M: Awareness

and recall in outpatient anesthesia. Anesth Analg

95:72, 2002.

437. Williams CR, Thomas NP: A prospective trial of

local vs. general anaesthesia for arthroscopic surgery

of the knee. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 79:345, 1997.

438. Coloma M, Chiu JW, White PF, et al: Fast-tracking

after immersion lithotripsy: General anesthesia vs

monitored anesthesia care. Anesth Analg 91:92,

2000.

439. Horlocker TT, Hebl JR: Anesthesia for outpatient

knee arthroscopy: Is there an optimal technique?

Reg Anesth Pain Med 28:58, 2003.

440. Jankowski CJ, Hebl JR, Stuart MJ, et al: A compari-

son of psoas compartment block and spinal and

general anesthesia for outpatient knee arthroscopy.

Anesth Analg 97:1003, 2003.

441. Harrison CA, Morris S, Harvey JS: Effect of ilioin-

guinal and iliohypogastric nerve block and wound

infiltration with 0.5% bupivacaine on postoperative

pain after hernia repair. Br J Anaesth 72:691, 1994.

442. Ding Y, White PF: Post-herniorrhaphy pain

in outpatients after pre-incision ilioinguinal-

hypogastric nerve block during monitored anaes-

thesia care. Can J Anaesth 42:12, 1995.

443. Tong D, Chung F, Wong D: Predictive factors in

global and anesthesia satisfaction in ambulatory

surgical patients. Anesthesiology 87:856, 1999.

444. Marshall SI, Chung F: Discharge criteria and com-

plications after ambulatory surgery. Anesth Analg

88:508, 1999.

445. Pollock JE, Neal JM, Stephenson CA, Wiley CE:

Prospective study of the incidence of transient

radicular irritation in patients undergoing spinal

anesthesia. Anesthesiology 84:1361, 1996.

446. Halpern S, Preston R: Postdural puncture headache

and spinal needle design: Meta-analyses. Anesthe-

siology 81:1376, 1994.

447. Price R: Transient femoral nerve palsy complicating

preoperative ilioinguinal nerve blockade for ingui-

nal herniorrhaphy. Br J Surg 82:137, 1995.

448. Rosario DJ, Skinner PP, Raftery AT: Transient

femoral nerve palsy complicating preoperative ilio-

inguinal nerve blockade for inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Br J Surg 81:897, 1994.

449. Kuczkowski KM, Benumof JL: Repeat cesarean

section in a morbidly obese parturient: A new anes-

thetic option. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 46:753,

2002.

450. Tang J, Chen L, White PF, et al: Recovery profile,

costs, and patient satisfaction with propofol and

sevoflurane for fast-track office-based anesthesia.

Anesthesiology 91:253, 1999.

451. Tang J, White PF, Wender RH, et al: Fast-track

office-based anesthesia: A comparison of propofol

vs. desflurane with antiemetic prophylaxis in spon-

taneously breathing patients. Anesth Analg 92:95,

2001.

452. Coloma M, Chiu JW, White PF, Armbruster SC: The

use of esmolol as an alternative to remifentanil

during desflurane anesthesia for fast-track outpa-

tient gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. Anesth

Analg 92:352, 2001.

453. Dexter F, Tinker JH: Analysis of strategies to

decrease postanesthesia care unit costs. Anesthesio-

logy 82:94, 1995.

454. Song D, Chung F, Ronayne M, et al: Fast-tracking

(bypassing the PACU) does not reduce nursing

workload after ambulatory surgery. Br J Anaesth

93:768-774, 2004.

455. Watcha MF, White PF: Economics of anesthetic

practice. Anesthesiology 86:1170, 1997.

456. Patel RI, Verghese ST, Hannallah RS, et al: Fast-

tracking children after ambulatory surgery. Anesth

Analg 92:918, 2001.

457. Coloma M, Zhou T, White PF, Forestner JE: Fast-

tracking after outpatient laparoscopy: Reasons for

failure after propofol, sevoflurane and desflurane

anesthesia. Anesth Analg 93:112, 2001.

458. Calleson, Bech T, Kehlet H: One-thousand consecu-

tive inguinal hernia repairs under unmonitored

local anesthesia. Anesth Analg 93:1373, 2001.

459. Jacobson E, Forssblad M, Rosenberg J, et al: Can

local anesthesia be recommended for routine use in

elective knee arthroscopy? A comparison between

local, spinal, and general anesthesia. Arthroscopy

16:183, 2000.

460. Dexter F, Marcario A, Manberg PJ, Lubarsky DA:

Computer simulation to determine how rapid anes-

thetic recovery protocols to decrease the time for

emergence or increase the phase I postoperative

care unit bypass rate affect staffing of an ambulatory

surgery center. Anesth Analg 88:1053, 1999.

461. Watkins AC, White PF: Fast-tracking after ambula-

tory surgery. J Perianesth Nurs 16:379, 2001.

462. White PF, Rawal S, Nguyen J, Watkins A: PACU

fast-tracking: An alternative to “bypassing” the

PACU for facilitating the recovery process after

ambulatory surgery. J Perianesth Nurs 18:247,

2003.

463. Pasero C, Belden J: Evidence-based perianesthesia

care; accelerated postoperative recovery programs.

J Perianesth Nurs 21:168-176, 2006.

464. White PF, Song D: New criteria for fast-tracking

after outpatient anesthesia: A comparison with the

modified Aldrete’s scoring system. Anesth Analg

88:1069, 1999.

Anestesia en el paciente ambulatorio

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Sección IV

Anestesia por subespecialidades en el adulto

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