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250. Oda Y, Nishikawa K, Hase I, Asada A: The short-

acting beta1-adrenoceptor antagonists esmolol and

landiolol suppress the bispectral index response to

tracheal intubation during sevoflurane anesthesia.

Anesth Analg 100:733-737, 2005.

251. Andrzejowski J, Sleigh JW, Johnson IA, Sikiotis L:

The effect of intravenous epinephrine on the bispec-

tral index and sedation. Anaesthesia 55:761-763,

2000.

252. Triltsch AE, Welte M, von Homeyer P, et al: Bispec-

tral index–guided sedation with dexmedetomidine

in intensive care:A prospective,randomized,double

blind, placebo-controlled phase II study. Crit Care

Med 30:1007-1014, 2002.

253. Haenggi M, Ypparila H, Hauser K, et al: The effects

of dexmedetomidine/remifentanil and midazolam/

remifentanil on auditory-evoked potentials and

electroencephalogram at light-to-moderate seda-

tion levels in healthy subjects. Anesth Analg

103:1163-1169, 2006.

254. Guignard B, Menigaux C, Dupont X, et al: The effect

of remifentanil on the bispectral index change and

hemodynamic response after orotracheal intuba-

tion. Anesth Analg 90:161-167, 2000.

255. Ropcke H, Rehberg B, Koennen-Bergmann M, et al:

Surgical stimulation shifts EEG concentration-res-

ponse relationship with desflurane. Anesthesiology

94:390-399, discussion 5A, 2001.

256. Hodgson PS, Liu SS: Epidural lidocaine decreases

sevoflurane requirement for adequate depth of

anesthesia as measured by the bispectral index

monitor. Anesthesiology 94:799-803, 2001.

257. Gan TJ, Glass PS,Windsor A, et al: Bispectral index

monitoring allows faster emergence and improved

recovery from propofol,alfentanil and nitrous oxide

anesthesia. Anesthesiology 87:808-815, 1997.

258. Song D, Joshi GP, White PF: Titration of volatile

anesthetics using bi-spectral index facilitates reco-

very after ambulatory anesthesia. Anesthesiology

87:842-848, 1997.

259. Liu SS: Effects of bispectral index monitoring on

ambulatory anesthesia: A meta-analysis of rando-

mized controlled trials and a cost analysis. Anes-

thesiology 101:311-315, 2004.

260. Punjasawadwong Y, Boonjeungmonkol N, Phong-

chiewboon A: Bispectral index for improving

anaesthetic delivery and postoperative recovery.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 4: CD003843, 2008.

261. Vakkuri A, Yli-Hankala A, Sandin R, et al: Spectral

entropy monitoring is associated with reduced

propofol use and faster emergence in propofol–

nitrous oxide–alfentanil anesthesia. Anesthesiology

103:274-279, 2005.

262. Kreuer S, Biedler A, Larsen R, et al: Narcotrend

monitoring allows faster emergence and a reduc-

tion of drug consumption in propofol-remifentanil

anesthesia. Anesthesiology 99:34-41, 2003.

263. Monk TG, Saini V, Weldon BC, et al: Anesthetic

management and one-year mortality after noncar-

diac surgery. Anesth Analg 100:4-10, 2005.

264. Lindholm ML, Träff S, Granath F, et al: Mortality

within two years after surgery in relation to low

intraoperative BIS values and preexisting malignant

disease. Anesth Analg (in press).

Monitorización de la profundidad de la anestesia

1031

29

Sección III

Control de la anestesia

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